Correct Answer: Max Muller
Subject: history
Explanation: Max Muller (1823–1900), a German philologist working in Oxford, popularized the 'Aryan Race' theory in the 19th century. However, he later clarified that 'Aryan' referred to a LINGUISTIC group (speakers of Indo-European languages), NOT a racial category. William Jones (1746–1794) discovered the linguistic similarities between Sanskrit, Greek, Latin, and other European languages — foundational work in comparative linguistics. Cunningham founded the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI). James Prinsep deciphered the Brahmi script (1837) — enabling reading of Ashoka's edicts. Modern archaeology and genetics dispute the 'Aryan invasion theory'.
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