Direction — RRB NTPC General Intelligence & Reasoning

• Given: Travels 20m N, turns R and 15m, turns R and 20m.

• Solution:
Step 1: Walk 20 m North.
Step 2: Turn right (East) and walk 15 m.
Step 3: Turn right (South) and walk 20 m.
Step 4: North and South cancel out ($20 - 20 = 0$).
Step 5: Remaining distance is 15 m towards East.

• Exam Trick: Use N-E-S-W method. N=20, E=15, S=20. N and S cancel each other (20-20=0). Left with E=15. Answer is 15 m East.

• Final Answer: 15 m, East

• Given: Start to West 30m, L 20m, L 30m. Find return journey.

• Solution:
Step 1: Walks West = 30 m.
Step 2: Turns left (South) = 20 m.
Step 3: Turns left (East) = 30 m.
Step 4: West 30 and East 30 cancel out. Current position is 20 m South from the start.
Step 5: To return to her house (start point), she must travel in the exact opposite direction of her current position. So, 20 m North.

• Exam Trick: N-E-S-W. W=30. Left of W is S=20. Left of S is E=30. E and W cancel. She is 20m South. Return journey is exactly opposite: 20m North.

• Final Answer: 20 m, North

• Given: Straight 10m, Right 5m, Left 10m. Final direction = North.

• Solution:
Step 1: Total turns taken: 1 Right, 1 Left.
Step 2: A Right turn and a Left turn cancel each other out ($+90^{\circ} -90^{\circ} = 0^{\circ}$).
Step 3: The net turn is 0. This means the final direction is exactly the same as the initial direction.
Step 4: Since he is facing North finally, he must have started facing North.

• Exam Trick: Right and Left cancel out. Net direction change is zero. Final = Initial = North.

• Final Answer: North

• Given: 24m South, 7m East. Find shortest distance.

• Solution:
Step 1: The path forms a right-angled triangle where the legs are 24 m (South) and 7 m (East).
Step 2: The shortest distance is the hypotenuse.
Step 3: By Pythagoras Theorem: $H = \sqrt{P^{2} + B^{2}} = \sqrt{24^{2} + 7^{2}}$.
Step 4: $H = \sqrt{576 + 49} = \sqrt{625} = 25$ m.

• Exam Trick: Recognize the standard Pythagorean triplet (7, 24, 25). The answer is instantly 25 m without calculation.

• Final Answer: 25 m

• Given: M is West of N. P is South of M. Q is East of P.

• Solution:
Step 1: Plot M and N. M is to the left (West) of N.
Step 2: Plot P below M (South of M).
Step 3: Plot Q to the right (East) of P. Q lies somewhere on the horizontal line passing through P.
Step 4: Looking from M towards Q, Q is located downwards (South) and rightwards (East).
Step 5: Thus, Q is South-East of M. (Even without knowing exact distances, East and South strictly combine to South-East relative to M).

• Exam Trick: Map it mentally: M is top-left, P is bottom-left, Q is bottom-right. From top-left to bottom-right is strictly South-East.

• Final Answer: South-East

• Given: Initial face = East. Turns: $135^{\circ}$ ACW, $90^{\circ}$ CW.

• Solution:
Step 1: ACW turns are negative (or left), CW turns are positive (or right).
Step 2: Net turn = $-135^{\circ}$ (ACW) $+ 90^{\circ}$ (CW) = $-45^{\circ}$ (ACW).
Step 3: Starting from East, turning $45^{\circ}$ anticlockwise takes you to North-East.

• Exam Trick: Use the cancellation method. $135 - 90 = 45$. The larger value is ACW. East $\rightarrow$ $45^{\circ}$ ACW $\rightarrow$ North-East.

• Final Answer: North-East

• Given: Morning (Sunrise), shadow is exactly to the right of Suresh.

• Solution:
Step 1: In the morning, the Sun is in the East.
Step 2: Therefore, all shadows fall towards the West.
Step 3: The shadow falls to the right of Suresh. This means Suresh's right side is towards the West.
Step 4: If a person's right hand points West, they must be facing South.

• Exam Trick: Apply the 3-column rule: Morning (Right/East) $\rightarrow$ Shadow on Right $\rightarrow$ Both R match? No, Morning is Sun in East, Shadow in West. If Shadow = Right = West, Face = South.

• Final Answer: South

• Given: Evening, face to face, Hema's shadow to Hema's right.

• Solution:
Step 1: In the evening, the Sun is in the West.
Step 2: Therefore, all shadows fall towards the East.
Step 3: The shadow is to the right of Hema. So, Hema's right side is East.
Step 4: If Hema's right is East, Hema must be facing North.
Step 5: Rekha is facing Hema. Since Hema faces North, Rekha faces South.

• Exam Trick: Evening (Sun West, Shadow East). Hema's right = East $\rightarrow$ Hema faces North. Rekha is opposite $\rightarrow$ South.

• Final Answer: South

• Given: South-East (SE) $\rightarrow$ North (N), North-East (NE) $\rightarrow$ West (W). What is West (W)?

• Solution:
Step 1: Check the shift. From SE to N is a shift of $135^{\circ}$ Anticlockwise (3 gaps of $45^{\circ}$ backwards).
Step 2: To find what West becomes, shift West by the exact same amount: $135^{\circ}$ Anticlockwise.
Step 3: $45^{\circ}$ ACW from West is South-West, $90^{\circ}$ ACW is South, and $135^{\circ}$ ACW is South-East.

• Exam Trick: Just trace the first shift: SE $\rightarrow$ N ($135^{\circ}$ ACW). Apply to West $\rightarrow$ $135^{\circ}$ ACW = SE.

• Final Answer: South-East

• Given: Time is 4:30. Minute hand points East.

• Solution:
Step 1: At 4:30, the minute hand is exactly on 6 (normally South).
Step 2: The hour hand is halfway between 4 and 5 (normally South-East).
Step 3: The question states the minute hand (South) points to East. This is a $90^{\circ}$ anticlockwise shift (South $\rightarrow$ East).
Step 4: Shift the hour hand (South-East) by $90^{\circ}$ anticlockwise as well.
Step 5: $90^{\circ}$ anticlockwise from South-East is North-East.

• Exam Trick: Find the angular gap. Hour hand is $45^{\circ}$ behind the minute hand (anticlockwise). If minute hand is East, $45^{\circ}$ behind East is North-East.

• Final Answer: North-East